Workflow variables catalog¶

Auto-generated from util/variables via GenerateMarkdown(). 83 variables registered.

Skipped and omitted nodes: when a step or task is skipped (its when evaluates false) or omitted (its dependencies never ran), it produces no real outputs. Its outputs.parameters.<name>, outputs.result and outputs.artifacts.<name> variables are still populated with empty placeholder values, so downstream references resolve to empty rather than leaving the workflow stuck on an unresolvable variable.

A runnable variables-showcase.yaml workflow that exercises these variables is embedded at the end of this page.

1. Alphabetical index¶

Key	Kind	Type	Availability	Description
`cronworkflow.annotations`	cron-workflow	map	cron-eval	CronWorkflow annotations as a map; supports nested key access (cronworkflow.annotations.foo)
`cronworkflow.annotations.json`	cron-workflow	json	cron-eval	CronWorkflow annotations as a JSON object
`cronworkflow.failed`	cron-workflow	int	cron-eval	Count of failed child Workflows
`cronworkflow.labels`	cron-workflow	map	cron-eval	CronWorkflow labels as a map; supports nested key access (cronworkflow.labels.foo)
`cronworkflow.labels.json`	cron-workflow	json	cron-eval	CronWorkflow labels as a JSON object
`cronworkflow.lastScheduledTime`	cron-workflow	*time.Time	cron-eval	Time the cron last triggered, or nil before the first run
`cronworkflow.name`	cron-workflow	string	cron-eval	CronWorkflow object name
`cronworkflow.namespace`	cron-workflow	string	cron-eval	CronWorkflow namespace
`cronworkflow.succeeded`	cron-workflow	int	cron-eval	Count of succeeded child Workflows
`duration`	metric	string	metric-emission	Current node's elapsed duration in seconds
`exitCode`	metric	string	metric-emission	Current node's container exit code
`inputs.artifacts.<name>`	input	wfv1.Artifact	during-execute	Input artifact object (for fromExpression use)
`inputs.artifacts.<name>.path`	input	string	during-execute	Mount path of the input artifact inside the pod
`inputs.parameters`	input	json	during-execute	All input parameters as a JSON array
`inputs.parameters.<name>`	input	string	during-execute	Resolved input parameter value
`item`	item	string or json	inside-loop	Current loop iteration value (withItems/withParam). JSON for map/list items.
`item.<key>`	item	string	inside-loop	Accessor into a map-typed loop iteration value
`lastRetry.duration`	retry	string	inside-retry	Duration of the previous attempt in seconds
`lastRetry.exitCode`	retry	string	inside-retry	Exit code of the previous attempt (or 0 on first attempt)
`lastRetry.message`	retry	string	inside-retry	Message of the previous attempt
`lastRetry.status`	retry	string	inside-retry	Phase of the previous attempt (or empty on first)
`node.name`	node-ctx	string	pre-dispatch, during-execute	Full node name
`outputs.artifacts.<name>.path`	output	string	during-execute	Declared output artifact path for the current template (pod side)
`outputs.parameters.<name>`	metric	string	metric-emission	Current node's named output parameter value (metric scope only)
`outputs.parameters.<name>.path`	output	string	during-execute	Declared output parameter path for the current template (pod side)
`outputs.result`	metric	string	metric-emission	Current node's captured stdout (metric scope only)
`pod.name`	node-ctx	string	pre-dispatch, during-execute	Computed pod name for pod-producing templates
`resourcesDuration.<resource>`	metric	string	metric-emission	Current node's resource duration in seconds, keyed by Kubernetes resource name (e.g. cpu, memory)
`retries`	retry	string	inside-retry	0-based retry attempt index
`status`	metric	string	metric-emission	Current node's phase
`steps.<loopName>.outputs.parameters`	node-ref	json	after-loop	JSON array of per-child output-parameter maps
`steps.<loopName>.outputs.parameters.<p>`	node-ref	json	after-loop	JSON array of values for a named parameter across all children
`steps.<loopName>.outputs.result`	node-ref	json	after-loop	JSON array of child results (withItems/withParam)
`steps.<name>.exitCode`	node-ref	string	after-node-complete	Container exit code
`steps.<name>.finishedAt`	node-ref	string	after-node-complete	RFC3339 finish time
`steps.<name>.hostNodeName`	node-ref	string	after-pod-start	Underlying k8s node name
`steps.<name>.id`	node-ref	string	after-node-init	Node ID
`steps.<name>.ip`	node-ref	string	after-pod-start	Pod IP
`steps.<name>.outputs.artifacts.<a>`	node-ref	wfv1.Artifact	after-node-succeeded	Named output artifact of the referenced node
`steps.<name>.outputs.parameters.<p>`	node-ref	string	after-node-succeeded	Named output parameter of the referenced node
`steps.<name>.outputs.result`	node-ref	string	after-node-succeeded	Captured stdout (non-loop nodes)
`steps.<name>.startedAt`	node-ref	string	after-node-init	RFC3339 start time (set at controller node-init, before pod creation; populated for all node types)
`steps.<name>.status`	node-ref	string	after-node-init	Node phase
`steps.name`	node-ctx	string	pre-dispatch, during-execute	Name of the current step (inside a Steps template body)
`tasks.<loopName>.outputs.parameters`	node-ref	json	after-loop	JSON array of per-child output-parameter maps
`tasks.<loopName>.outputs.parameters.<p>`	node-ref	json	after-loop	JSON array of values for a named parameter across all children
`tasks.<loopName>.outputs.result`	node-ref	json	after-loop	JSON array of child results (withItems/withParam)
`tasks.<name>.exitCode`	node-ref	string	after-node-complete	Container exit code
`tasks.<name>.finishedAt`	node-ref	string	after-node-complete	RFC3339 finish time
`tasks.<name>.hostNodeName`	node-ref	string	after-pod-start	Underlying k8s node name
`tasks.<name>.id`	node-ref	string	after-node-init	Node ID
`tasks.<name>.ip`	node-ref	string	after-pod-start	Pod IP
`tasks.<name>.outputs.artifacts.<a>`	node-ref	wfv1.Artifact	after-node-succeeded	Named output artifact of the referenced node
`tasks.<name>.outputs.parameters.<p>`	node-ref	string	after-node-succeeded	Named output parameter of the referenced node
`tasks.<name>.outputs.result`	node-ref	string	after-node-succeeded	Captured stdout (non-loop nodes)
`tasks.<name>.startedAt`	node-ref	string	after-node-init	RFC3339 start time (set at controller node-init, before pod creation; populated for all node types)
`tasks.<name>.status`	node-ref	string	after-node-init	Node phase
`tasks.name`	node-ctx	string	pre-dispatch, during-execute	Name of the current task (inside a DAG template body)
`workflow.annotations`	global	json	workflow-start, pre-dispatch, during-execute, exit-handler	All workflow annotations as a JSON object (deprecated — use workflow.annotations.json)
`workflow.annotations.<name>`	global	string	workflow-start, pre-dispatch, during-execute, exit-handler	Workflow metadata annotation value
`workflow.annotations.json`	global	json	workflow-start, pre-dispatch, during-execute, exit-handler	All workflow annotations as a JSON object
`workflow.creationTimestamp`	global	string	workflow-start, pre-dispatch, during-execute, exit-handler	RFC3339 creation timestamp
`workflow.creationTimestamp.<fmt>`	global	string	workflow-start, pre-dispatch, during-execute, exit-handler	strftime-formatted workflow creation time; `<fmt>` is one of the chars in util/strftime
`workflow.creationTimestamp.RFC3339`	global	string	workflow-start, pre-dispatch, during-execute, exit-handler	Workflow creation time as RFC3339
`workflow.creationTimestamp.s`	global	string	workflow-start, pre-dispatch, during-execute, exit-handler	Workflow creation time as Unix seconds
`workflow.duration`	runtime	string	pre-dispatch, during-execute, exit-handler	Elapsed seconds as float string; final at exit handler
`workflow.failures`	runtime	json	exit-handler	Failed-node descriptors. Wire format: a strconv.Quote-wrapped JSON string — consumers must JSON-decode twice. When no nodes have failed, the value is the literal 6-character string "null" (with quotes), not an empty array.
`workflow.labels`	global	json	workflow-start, pre-dispatch, during-execute, exit-handler	All workflow labels as a JSON object (deprecated — use workflow.labels.json)
`workflow.labels.<name>`	global	string	workflow-start, pre-dispatch, during-execute, exit-handler	Workflow metadata label value
`workflow.labels.json`	global	json	workflow-start, pre-dispatch, during-execute, exit-handler	All workflow labels as a JSON object
`workflow.mainEntrypoint`	global	string	workflow-start, pre-dispatch, during-execute, exit-handler	spec.entrypoint
`workflow.name`	global	string	workflow-start, pre-dispatch, during-execute, exit-handler	Workflow object name
`workflow.namespace`	global	string	workflow-start, pre-dispatch, during-execute, exit-handler	Workflow namespace
`workflow.outputs.artifacts.<name>`	node-ref	wfv1.Artifact	during-execute, exit-handler	Global output artifact (lifted via outputs.artifacts[*].globalName)
`workflow.outputs.parameters.<name>`	node-ref	string	during-execute, exit-handler	Global output parameter (lifted via outputs.parameters[*].globalName)
`workflow.parameters`	global	json	workflow-start, pre-dispatch, during-execute, exit-handler	All workflow parameters as a JSON array
`workflow.parameters.<name>`	global	string	workflow-start, pre-dispatch, during-execute, exit-handler	Value from spec.arguments.parameters, ConfigMap-resolved if ValueFrom is set
`workflow.parameters.json`	global	json	workflow-start, pre-dispatch, during-execute, exit-handler	All workflow parameters as a JSON array (alias for workflow.parameters)
`workflow.priority`	global	string	workflow-start, pre-dispatch, during-execute, exit-handler	Workflow priority. Conditional — resolves only when spec.priority is set; otherwise both lint and runtime treat the reference as undefined (no empty/zero fallback).
`workflow.scheduledTime`	global	string	workflow-start, pre-dispatch, during-execute, exit-handler	Scheduled time for cron-triggered workflows. Conditional — resolves only when annotation `workflows.argoproj.io/scheduled-time` is present (set automatically by the cron controller). Lint passes via prefix exemption but on a non-cron Workflow the runtime leaves the literal `{{workflow.scheduledTime}}` in resolved values rather than substituting empty.
`workflow.serviceAccountName`	global	string	workflow-start, pre-dispatch, during-execute, exit-handler	Effective service account name
`workflow.status`	runtime	string	pre-dispatch, during-execute, exit-handler	Current workflow phase; final value only at exit handler
`workflow.uid`	global	string	workflow-start, pre-dispatch, during-execute, exit-handler	Workflow UID

2. Grouped by Kind¶

Global¶

Key	Type	Availability	Description
`workflow.annotations`	json	workflow-start, pre-dispatch, during-execute, exit-handler	All workflow annotations as a JSON object (deprecated — use workflow.annotations.json)
`workflow.annotations.<name>`	string	workflow-start, pre-dispatch, during-execute, exit-handler	Workflow metadata annotation value
`workflow.annotations.json`	json	workflow-start, pre-dispatch, during-execute, exit-handler	All workflow annotations as a JSON object
`workflow.creationTimestamp`	string	workflow-start, pre-dispatch, during-execute, exit-handler	RFC3339 creation timestamp
`workflow.creationTimestamp.<fmt>`	string	workflow-start, pre-dispatch, during-execute, exit-handler	strftime-formatted workflow creation time; `<fmt>` is one of the chars in util/strftime
`workflow.creationTimestamp.RFC3339`	string	workflow-start, pre-dispatch, during-execute, exit-handler	Workflow creation time as RFC3339
`workflow.creationTimestamp.s`	string	workflow-start, pre-dispatch, during-execute, exit-handler	Workflow creation time as Unix seconds
`workflow.labels`	json	workflow-start, pre-dispatch, during-execute, exit-handler	All workflow labels as a JSON object (deprecated — use workflow.labels.json)
`workflow.labels.<name>`	string	workflow-start, pre-dispatch, during-execute, exit-handler	Workflow metadata label value
`workflow.labels.json`	json	workflow-start, pre-dispatch, during-execute, exit-handler	All workflow labels as a JSON object
`workflow.mainEntrypoint`	string	workflow-start, pre-dispatch, during-execute, exit-handler	spec.entrypoint
`workflow.name`	string	workflow-start, pre-dispatch, during-execute, exit-handler	Workflow object name
`workflow.namespace`	string	workflow-start, pre-dispatch, during-execute, exit-handler	Workflow namespace
`workflow.parameters`	json	workflow-start, pre-dispatch, during-execute, exit-handler	All workflow parameters as a JSON array
`workflow.parameters.<name>`	string	workflow-start, pre-dispatch, during-execute, exit-handler	Value from spec.arguments.parameters, ConfigMap-resolved if ValueFrom is set
`workflow.parameters.json`	json	workflow-start, pre-dispatch, during-execute, exit-handler	All workflow parameters as a JSON array (alias for workflow.parameters)
`workflow.priority`	string	workflow-start, pre-dispatch, during-execute, exit-handler	Workflow priority. Conditional — resolves only when spec.priority is set; otherwise both lint and runtime treat the reference as undefined (no empty/zero fallback).
`workflow.scheduledTime`	string	workflow-start, pre-dispatch, during-execute, exit-handler	Scheduled time for cron-triggered workflows. Conditional — resolves only when annotation `workflows.argoproj.io/scheduled-time` is present (set automatically by the cron controller). Lint passes via prefix exemption but on a non-cron Workflow the runtime leaves the literal `{{workflow.scheduledTime}}` in resolved values rather than substituting empty.
`workflow.serviceAccountName`	string	workflow-start, pre-dispatch, during-execute, exit-handler	Effective service account name
`workflow.uid`	string	workflow-start, pre-dispatch, during-execute, exit-handler	Workflow UID

Runtime¶

Key	Type	Availability	Description
`workflow.duration`	string	pre-dispatch, during-execute, exit-handler	Elapsed seconds as float string; final at exit handler
`workflow.failures`	json	exit-handler	Failed-node descriptors. Wire format: a strconv.Quote-wrapped JSON string — consumers must JSON-decode twice. When no nodes have failed, the value is the literal 6-character string "null" (with quotes), not an empty array.
`workflow.status`	string	pre-dispatch, during-execute, exit-handler	Current workflow phase; final value only at exit handler

Input¶

Key	Type	Availability	Description
`inputs.artifacts.<name>`	wfv1.Artifact	during-execute	Input artifact object (for fromExpression use)
`inputs.artifacts.<name>.path`	string	during-execute	Mount path of the input artifact inside the pod
`inputs.parameters`	json	during-execute	All input parameters as a JSON array
`inputs.parameters.<name>`	string	during-execute	Resolved input parameter value

Output¶

Key	Type	Availability	Description
`outputs.artifacts.<name>.path`	string	during-execute	Declared output artifact path for the current template (pod side)
`outputs.parameters.<name>.path`	string	during-execute	Declared output parameter path for the current template (pod side)

Node-ref¶

Key	Type	Availability	Description
`steps.<loopName>.outputs.parameters`	json	after-loop	JSON array of per-child output-parameter maps
`steps.<loopName>.outputs.parameters.<p>`	json	after-loop	JSON array of values for a named parameter across all children
`steps.<loopName>.outputs.result`	json	after-loop	JSON array of child results (withItems/withParam)
`steps.<name>.exitCode`	string	after-node-complete	Container exit code
`steps.<name>.finishedAt`	string	after-node-complete	RFC3339 finish time
`steps.<name>.hostNodeName`	string	after-pod-start	Underlying k8s node name
`steps.<name>.id`	string	after-node-init	Node ID
`steps.<name>.ip`	string	after-pod-start	Pod IP
`steps.<name>.outputs.artifacts.<a>`	wfv1.Artifact	after-node-succeeded	Named output artifact of the referenced node
`steps.<name>.outputs.parameters.<p>`	string	after-node-succeeded	Named output parameter of the referenced node
`steps.<name>.outputs.result`	string	after-node-succeeded	Captured stdout (non-loop nodes)
`steps.<name>.startedAt`	string	after-node-init	RFC3339 start time (set at controller node-init, before pod creation; populated for all node types)
`steps.<name>.status`	string	after-node-init	Node phase
`tasks.<loopName>.outputs.parameters`	json	after-loop	JSON array of per-child output-parameter maps
`tasks.<loopName>.outputs.parameters.<p>`	json	after-loop	JSON array of values for a named parameter across all children
`tasks.<loopName>.outputs.result`	json	after-loop	JSON array of child results (withItems/withParam)
`tasks.<name>.exitCode`	string	after-node-complete	Container exit code
`tasks.<name>.finishedAt`	string	after-node-complete	RFC3339 finish time
`tasks.<name>.hostNodeName`	string	after-pod-start	Underlying k8s node name
`tasks.<name>.id`	string	after-node-init	Node ID
`tasks.<name>.ip`	string	after-pod-start	Pod IP
`tasks.<name>.outputs.artifacts.<a>`	wfv1.Artifact	after-node-succeeded	Named output artifact of the referenced node
`tasks.<name>.outputs.parameters.<p>`	string	after-node-succeeded	Named output parameter of the referenced node
`tasks.<name>.outputs.result`	string	after-node-succeeded	Captured stdout (non-loop nodes)
`tasks.<name>.startedAt`	string	after-node-init	RFC3339 start time (set at controller node-init, before pod creation; populated for all node types)
`tasks.<name>.status`	string	after-node-init	Node phase
`workflow.outputs.artifacts.<name>`	wfv1.Artifact	during-execute, exit-handler	Global output artifact (lifted via outputs.artifacts[*].globalName)
`workflow.outputs.parameters.<name>`	string	during-execute, exit-handler	Global output parameter (lifted via outputs.parameters[*].globalName)

Item¶

Key	Type	Availability	Description
`item`	string or json	inside-loop	Current loop iteration value (withItems/withParam). JSON for map/list items.
`item.<key>`	string	inside-loop	Accessor into a map-typed loop iteration value

Retry¶

Key	Type	Availability	Description
`lastRetry.duration`	string	inside-retry	Duration of the previous attempt in seconds
`lastRetry.exitCode`	string	inside-retry	Exit code of the previous attempt (or 0 on first attempt)
`lastRetry.message`	string	inside-retry	Message of the previous attempt
`lastRetry.status`	string	inside-retry	Phase of the previous attempt (or empty on first)
`retries`	string	inside-retry	0-based retry attempt index

Node-ctx¶

Key	Type	Availability	Description
`node.name`	string	pre-dispatch, during-execute	Full node name
`pod.name`	string	pre-dispatch, during-execute	Computed pod name for pod-producing templates
`steps.name`	string	pre-dispatch, during-execute	Name of the current step (inside a Steps template body)
`tasks.name`	string	pre-dispatch, during-execute	Name of the current task (inside a DAG template body)

Metric¶

Key	Type	Availability	Description
`duration`	string	metric-emission	Current node's elapsed duration in seconds
`exitCode`	string	metric-emission	Current node's container exit code
`outputs.parameters.<name>`	string	metric-emission	Current node's named output parameter value (metric scope only)
`outputs.result`	string	metric-emission	Current node's captured stdout (metric scope only)
`resourcesDuration.<resource>`	string	metric-emission	Current node's resource duration in seconds, keyed by Kubernetes resource name (e.g. cpu, memory)
`status`	string	metric-emission	Current node's phase

Cron-workflow¶

Key	Type	Availability	Description
`cronworkflow.annotations`	map	cron-eval	CronWorkflow annotations as a map; supports nested key access (cronworkflow.annotations.foo)
`cronworkflow.annotations.json`	json	cron-eval	CronWorkflow annotations as a JSON object
`cronworkflow.failed`	int	cron-eval	Count of failed child Workflows
`cronworkflow.labels`	map	cron-eval	CronWorkflow labels as a map; supports nested key access (cronworkflow.labels.foo)
`cronworkflow.labels.json`	json	cron-eval	CronWorkflow labels as a JSON object
`cronworkflow.lastScheduledTime`	*time.Time	cron-eval	Time the cron last triggered, or nil before the first run
`cronworkflow.name`	string	cron-eval	CronWorkflow object name
`cronworkflow.namespace`	string	cron-eval	CronWorkflow namespace
`cronworkflow.succeeded`	int	cron-eval	Count of succeeded child Workflows

3. Matrix by TemplateKind¶

Which variables are in scope for each template type. • = in scope, blank = not in scope.

Key	any	container	container-set	script	resource	steps	dag	data	suspend	http	plugin	exit-handler	cron-workflow
`cronworkflow.annotations`													•
`cronworkflow.annotations.json`													•
`cronworkflow.failed`													•
`cronworkflow.labels`													•
`cronworkflow.labels.json`													•
`cronworkflow.lastScheduledTime`													•
`cronworkflow.name`													•
`cronworkflow.namespace`													•
`cronworkflow.succeeded`													•
`duration`	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•
`exitCode`	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•
`inputs.artifacts.<name>`	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•
`inputs.artifacts.<name>.path`		•	•	•	•			•				•
`inputs.parameters`	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•
`inputs.parameters.<name>`	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•
`item`	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•
`item.<key>`	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•
`lastRetry.duration`		•	•	•	•	•	•	•		•	•
`lastRetry.exitCode`		•	•	•	•	•	•	•		•	•
`lastRetry.message`		•	•	•	•	•	•	•		•	•
`lastRetry.status`		•	•	•	•	•	•	•		•	•
`node.name`	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•
`outputs.artifacts.<name>.path`		•	•	•	•			•				•
`outputs.parameters.<name>`	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•
`outputs.parameters.<name>.path`		•	•	•	•			•				•
`outputs.result`	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•
`pod.name`		•	•	•	•			•				•
`resourcesDuration.<resource>`	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•
`retries`		•	•	•	•	•	•	•		•	•
`status`	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•
`steps.<loopName>.outputs.parameters`						•						•
`steps.<loopName>.outputs.parameters.<p>`						•						•
`steps.<loopName>.outputs.result`						•						•
`steps.<name>.exitCode`						•						•
`steps.<name>.finishedAt`						•						•
`steps.<name>.hostNodeName`						•						•
`steps.<name>.id`						•						•
`steps.<name>.ip`						•						•
`steps.<name>.outputs.artifacts.<a>`						•						•
`steps.<name>.outputs.parameters.<p>`						•						•
`steps.<name>.outputs.result`						•						•
`steps.<name>.startedAt`						•						•
`steps.<name>.status`						•						•
`steps.name`						•
`tasks.<loopName>.outputs.parameters`							•					•
`tasks.<loopName>.outputs.parameters.<p>`							•					•
`tasks.<loopName>.outputs.result`							•					•
`tasks.<name>.exitCode`							•					•
`tasks.<name>.finishedAt`							•					•
`tasks.<name>.hostNodeName`							•					•
`tasks.<name>.id`							•					•
`tasks.<name>.ip`							•					•
`tasks.<name>.outputs.artifacts.<a>`							•					•
`tasks.<name>.outputs.parameters.<p>`							•					•
`tasks.<name>.outputs.result`							•					•
`tasks.<name>.startedAt`							•					•
`tasks.<name>.status`							•					•
`tasks.name`							•
`workflow.annotations`	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•
`workflow.annotations.<name>`	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•
`workflow.annotations.json`	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•
`workflow.creationTimestamp`	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•
`workflow.creationTimestamp.<fmt>`	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•
`workflow.creationTimestamp.RFC3339`	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•
`workflow.creationTimestamp.s`	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•
`workflow.duration`	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•
`workflow.failures`	•											•
`workflow.labels`	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•
`workflow.labels.<name>`	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•
`workflow.labels.json`	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•
`workflow.mainEntrypoint`	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•
`workflow.name`	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•
`workflow.namespace`	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•
`workflow.outputs.artifacts.<name>`	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•
`workflow.outputs.parameters.<name>`	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•
`workflow.parameters`	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•
`workflow.parameters.<name>`	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•
`workflow.parameters.json`	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•
`workflow.priority`	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•
`workflow.scheduledTime`	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•
`workflow.serviceAccountName`	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•
`workflow.status`	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•
`workflow.uid`	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•

4. Grouped by LifecyclePhase¶

Phase	Meaning
workflow-start	Globals populated once, up front, before any template runs.
pre-dispatch	Immediately before a template's pod is created; pod.name / node.name / steps.name / tasks.name are set.
during-execute	Inside a template body; inputs.* are bound.
inside-loop	Inside a withItems/withParam expansion; `item`, `item.<key>` are bound.
inside-retry	Inside a retryStrategy template; retries.* are bound.
after-node-init	A referenced node has been initialized by the controller (id, status, startedAt are populated — startedAt is set at node-init time, before any pod is created, for all node types including non-pod ones like Suspend / HTTP / Plugin / Steps / DAG).
after-pod-start	The referenced node's pod has started; ip, hostNodeName are populated (k8s-supplied; meaningless for non-pod node types).
after-node-complete	The referenced node has finished (any terminal phase); finishedAt, exitCode are populated.
after-node-succeeded	The referenced node has finished with Succeeded; outputs.result, outputs.parameters., outputs.artifacts. are populated.
after-loop	Every child of a withItems/withParam group has completed; aggregated outputs appear.
exit-handler	The onExit template runs. workflow.{status,failures,duration} are final. Any earlier-phase variable is also visible here (scope accumulates).
metric-emission	Inside a Prometheus metric expression. Adds duration, status, exitCode, `resourcesDuration.<resource>`, and the current node's bare outputs.result / `outputs.parameters.<name>`.
cron-eval	Evaluating a CronWorkflow `spec.when` or `spec.stopStrategy.expression`. Adds cronworkflow.* variables describing the cron object's identity, labels/annotations, and run counts.

workflow-start (20 variables)¶

Key	Kind	Type
`workflow.annotations`	global	json
`workflow.annotations.<name>`	global	string
`workflow.annotations.json`	global	json
`workflow.creationTimestamp`	global	string
`workflow.creationTimestamp.<fmt>`	global	string
`workflow.creationTimestamp.RFC3339`	global	string
`workflow.creationTimestamp.s`	global	string
`workflow.labels`	global	json
`workflow.labels.<name>`	global	string
`workflow.labels.json`	global	json
`workflow.mainEntrypoint`	global	string
`workflow.name`	global	string
`workflow.namespace`	global	string
`workflow.parameters`	global	json
`workflow.parameters.<name>`	global	string
`workflow.parameters.json`	global	json
`workflow.priority`	global	string
`workflow.scheduledTime`	global	string
`workflow.serviceAccountName`	global	string
`workflow.uid`	global	string

pre-dispatch (26 variables)¶

Key	Kind	Type
`node.name`	node-ctx	string
`pod.name`	node-ctx	string
`steps.name`	node-ctx	string
`tasks.name`	node-ctx	string
`workflow.annotations`	global	json
`workflow.annotations.<name>`	global	string
`workflow.annotations.json`	global	json
`workflow.creationTimestamp`	global	string
`workflow.creationTimestamp.<fmt>`	global	string
`workflow.creationTimestamp.RFC3339`	global	string
`workflow.creationTimestamp.s`	global	string
`workflow.duration`	runtime	string
`workflow.labels`	global	json
`workflow.labels.<name>`	global	string
`workflow.labels.json`	global	json
`workflow.mainEntrypoint`	global	string
`workflow.name`	global	string
`workflow.namespace`	global	string
`workflow.parameters`	global	json
`workflow.parameters.<name>`	global	string
`workflow.parameters.json`	global	json
`workflow.priority`	global	string
`workflow.scheduledTime`	global	string
`workflow.serviceAccountName`	global	string
`workflow.status`	runtime	string
`workflow.uid`	global	string

during-execute (34 variables)¶

Key	Kind	Type
`inputs.artifacts.<name>`	input	wfv1.Artifact
`inputs.artifacts.<name>.path`	input	string
`inputs.parameters`	input	json
`inputs.parameters.<name>`	input	string
`node.name`	node-ctx	string
`outputs.artifacts.<name>.path`	output	string
`outputs.parameters.<name>.path`	output	string
`pod.name`	node-ctx	string
`steps.name`	node-ctx	string
`tasks.name`	node-ctx	string
`workflow.annotations`	global	json
`workflow.annotations.<name>`	global	string
`workflow.annotations.json`	global	json
`workflow.creationTimestamp`	global	string
`workflow.creationTimestamp.<fmt>`	global	string
`workflow.creationTimestamp.RFC3339`	global	string
`workflow.creationTimestamp.s`	global	string
`workflow.duration`	runtime	string
`workflow.labels`	global	json
`workflow.labels.<name>`	global	string
`workflow.labels.json`	global	json
`workflow.mainEntrypoint`	global	string
`workflow.name`	global	string
`workflow.namespace`	global	string
`workflow.outputs.artifacts.<name>`	node-ref	wfv1.Artifact
`workflow.outputs.parameters.<name>`	node-ref	string
`workflow.parameters`	global	json
`workflow.parameters.<name>`	global	string
`workflow.parameters.json`	global	json
`workflow.priority`	global	string
`workflow.scheduledTime`	global	string
`workflow.serviceAccountName`	global	string
`workflow.status`	runtime	string
`workflow.uid`	global	string

inside-loop (2 variables)¶

Key	Kind	Type
`item`	item	string or json
`item.<key>`	item	string

inside-retry (5 variables)¶

Key	Kind	Type
`lastRetry.duration`	retry	string
`lastRetry.exitCode`	retry	string
`lastRetry.message`	retry	string
`lastRetry.status`	retry	string
`retries`	retry	string

after-node-init (6 variables)¶

Key	Kind	Type
`steps.<name>.id`	node-ref	string
`steps.<name>.startedAt`	node-ref	string
`steps.<name>.status`	node-ref	string
`tasks.<name>.id`	node-ref	string
`tasks.<name>.startedAt`	node-ref	string
`tasks.<name>.status`	node-ref	string

after-pod-start (4 variables)¶

Key	Kind	Type
`steps.<name>.hostNodeName`	node-ref	string
`steps.<name>.ip`	node-ref	string
`tasks.<name>.hostNodeName`	node-ref	string
`tasks.<name>.ip`	node-ref	string

after-node-complete (4 variables)¶

Key	Kind	Type
`steps.<name>.exitCode`	node-ref	string
`steps.<name>.finishedAt`	node-ref	string
`tasks.<name>.exitCode`	node-ref	string
`tasks.<name>.finishedAt`	node-ref	string

after-node-succeeded (6 variables)¶

Key	Kind	Type
`steps.<name>.outputs.artifacts.<a>`	node-ref	wfv1.Artifact
`steps.<name>.outputs.parameters.<p>`	node-ref	string
`steps.<name>.outputs.result`	node-ref	string
`tasks.<name>.outputs.artifacts.<a>`	node-ref	wfv1.Artifact
`tasks.<name>.outputs.parameters.<p>`	node-ref	string
`tasks.<name>.outputs.result`	node-ref	string

after-loop (6 variables)¶

Key	Kind	Type
`steps.<loopName>.outputs.parameters`	node-ref	json
`steps.<loopName>.outputs.parameters.<p>`	node-ref	json
`steps.<loopName>.outputs.result`	node-ref	json
`tasks.<loopName>.outputs.parameters`	node-ref	json
`tasks.<loopName>.outputs.parameters.<p>`	node-ref	json
`tasks.<loopName>.outputs.result`	node-ref	json

exit-handler (55 variables)¶

Key	Kind	Type
`inputs.artifacts.<name>.path`	input	string
`outputs.artifacts.<name>.path`	output	string
`outputs.parameters.<name>.path`	output	string
`pod.name`	node-ctx	string
`steps.<loopName>.outputs.parameters`	node-ref	json
`steps.<loopName>.outputs.parameters.<p>`	node-ref	json
`steps.<loopName>.outputs.result`	node-ref	json
`steps.<name>.exitCode`	node-ref	string
`steps.<name>.finishedAt`	node-ref	string
`steps.<name>.hostNodeName`	node-ref	string
`steps.<name>.id`	node-ref	string
`steps.<name>.ip`	node-ref	string
`steps.<name>.outputs.artifacts.<a>`	node-ref	wfv1.Artifact
`steps.<name>.outputs.parameters.<p>`	node-ref	string
`steps.<name>.outputs.result`	node-ref	string
`steps.<name>.startedAt`	node-ref	string
`steps.<name>.status`	node-ref	string
`tasks.<loopName>.outputs.parameters`	node-ref	json
`tasks.<loopName>.outputs.parameters.<p>`	node-ref	json
`tasks.<loopName>.outputs.result`	node-ref	json
`tasks.<name>.exitCode`	node-ref	string
`tasks.<name>.finishedAt`	node-ref	string
`tasks.<name>.hostNodeName`	node-ref	string
`tasks.<name>.id`	node-ref	string
`tasks.<name>.ip`	node-ref	string
`tasks.<name>.outputs.artifacts.<a>`	node-ref	wfv1.Artifact
`tasks.<name>.outputs.parameters.<p>`	node-ref	string
`tasks.<name>.outputs.result`	node-ref	string
`tasks.<name>.startedAt`	node-ref	string
`tasks.<name>.status`	node-ref	string
`workflow.annotations`	global	json
`workflow.annotations.<name>`	global	string
`workflow.annotations.json`	global	json
`workflow.creationTimestamp`	global	string
`workflow.creationTimestamp.<fmt>`	global	string
`workflow.creationTimestamp.RFC3339`	global	string
`workflow.creationTimestamp.s`	global	string
`workflow.duration`	runtime	string
`workflow.failures`	runtime	json
`workflow.labels`	global	json
`workflow.labels.<name>`	global	string
`workflow.labels.json`	global	json
`workflow.mainEntrypoint`	global	string
`workflow.name`	global	string
`workflow.namespace`	global	string
`workflow.outputs.artifacts.<name>`	node-ref	wfv1.Artifact
`workflow.outputs.parameters.<name>`	node-ref	string
`workflow.parameters`	global	json
`workflow.parameters.<name>`	global	string
`workflow.parameters.json`	global	json
`workflow.priority`	global	string
`workflow.scheduledTime`	global	string
`workflow.serviceAccountName`	global	string
`workflow.status`	runtime	string
`workflow.uid`	global	string

metric-emission (6 variables)¶

Key	Kind	Type
`duration`	metric	string
`exitCode`	metric	string
`outputs.parameters.<name>`	metric	string
`outputs.result`	metric	string
`resourcesDuration.<resource>`	metric	string
`status`	metric	string

cron-eval (9 variables)¶

Key	Kind	Type
`cronworkflow.annotations`	cron-workflow	map
`cronworkflow.annotations.json`	cron-workflow	json
`cronworkflow.failed`	cron-workflow	int
`cronworkflow.labels`	cron-workflow	map
`cronworkflow.labels.json`	cron-workflow	json
`cronworkflow.lastScheduledTime`	cron-workflow	*time.Time
`cronworkflow.name`	cron-workflow	string
`cronworkflow.namespace`	cron-workflow	string
`cronworkflow.succeeded`	cron-workflow	int

5. Showcase workflow¶

The runnable example below exercises the variables catalogued above. It is embedded at docs-build time from examples/variables-showcase.yaml (the same file the example tests validate and run).

examples/variables-showcase.yaml

# Companion to variables.md — exercises every non-cron-workflow variable
# documented in the catalog. Every reference is annotated inline with the
# catalog row it covers. CronWorkflow-only variables are intentionally omitted.
#
# Coverage map (74 variables):
#
#   Global (20)              workflow.* identity / metadata / parameters
#   Runtime (3)              workflow.duration / .status / .failures
#   Input (4)                inputs.parameters{,.<n>}, inputs.artifacts.<n>{,.path}
#   Output (2)               outputs.{parameters,artifacts}.<n>.path
#   Node-Ref (28)            steps.<*>.* and tasks.<*>.* including after-loop
#                            aggregates and workflow.outputs.{parameters,artifacts}.<n>
#   Item (2)                 item / item.<key>
#   Retry (5)                lastRetry.* / retries
#   Node-Ctx (4)             node.name / pod.name / steps.name / tasks.name
#   Metric (6)               duration / exitCode / status / outputs.result /
#                            outputs.parameters.<n> / resourcesDuration.<r>

apiVersion: argoproj.io/v1alpha1
kind: Workflow
metadata:
  generateName: variables-showcase-
  annotations:
    # `workflow.scheduledTime` is sourced from this annotation.
    workflows.argoproj.io/scheduled-time: "2026-04-29T00:00:00Z"
    # Used to demonstrate workflow.annotations / .annotations.json /
    # .annotations.<name>.
    workflows.argoproj.io/description: "Showcase of every non-cronworkflow variable"
    example.io/owner: platform-team
  labels:
    # Used to demonstrate workflow.labels / .labels.json / .labels.<name>.
    app: variables-demo
    tier: example
spec:
  entrypoint: main
  serviceAccountName: default               # → workflow.serviceAccountName (executor role bound)
  priority: 5                               # → workflow.priority
  onExit: exit-handler                      # required for workflow.failures + the
                                            #   final values of workflow.{status,duration}

  arguments:                                # → workflow.parameters / .parameters.<n> / .parameters.json
    parameters:
      - name: greeting
        value: hello
      - name: target
        value: world
    artifacts:
      - name: seed                          # consumed via workflow.parameters → prepared
        raw:
          data: seed-content

  templates:

    # ============================================================
    # 1. main — Steps body. Exercises:
    #      steps.name (node-ctx)
    #      steps.<name>.{id,status,startedAt,finishedAt,hostNodeName,
    #                    ip,exitCode,outputs.{result,parameters.<p>,
    #                    artifacts.<a>}}
    #      steps.<loopName>.outputs.{result, parameters,
    #                                parameters.<p>}      (after-loop)
    #    Declares `seed` as an input artifact so that inputs.artifacts.<name>
    #    (the wfv1.Artifact object form, distinct from the `.path` accessor)
    #    can be referenced via `from:` on a downstream argument.
    # ============================================================
    - name: main
      inputs:
        artifacts:
          - name: seed                  # bound from spec.arguments.artifacts.seed
      steps:
        - - name: prepare
            template: prepare
          - name: svc                   # daemon — validator only exposes .ip on daemons
            template: svc-daemon

        - - name: fanout                              # withItems → item / item.<key>
            template: per-item
            arguments:
              parameters:
                - name: msg
                  value: "{{item.k}}={{item.v}}"      # item.<key>
                - name: ctx
                  value: "{{item}}"                   # item
              artifacts:
                - name: in-art
                  from: "{{steps.prepare.outputs.artifacts.prepared}}"   # steps.<name>.outputs.artifacts.<a>
            withItems:
              - { k: alpha, v: "1" }
              - { k: beta,  v: "2" }

        - - name: consume
            template: consume
            arguments:
              parameters:
                # ---- after-loop on steps.<loopName> ----
                - { name: fanout-result,       value: "{{steps.fanout.outputs.result}}" }
                - { name: fanout-all-params,   value: "{{steps.fanout.outputs.parameters}}" }
                - { name: fanout-named-params, value: "{{steps.fanout.outputs.parameters.echoed}}" }
                # ---- node-ref on a non-loop step (prepare) ----
                - { name: prep-id,         value: "{{steps.prepare.id}}" }
                - { name: prep-status,     value: "{{steps.prepare.status}}" }
                - { name: prep-host,       value: "{{steps.prepare.hostNodeName}}" }
                - { name: svc-ip,          value: "{{steps.svc.ip}}" }       # ip only valid on daemon
                - { name: prep-started,    value: "{{steps.prepare.startedAt}}" }
                - { name: prep-finished,   value: "{{steps.prepare.finishedAt}}" }
                - { name: prep-exit,       value: "{{steps.prepare.exitCode}}" }
                - { name: prep-result,     value: "{{steps.prepare.outputs.result}}" }
                - { name: prep-param,      value: "{{steps.prepare.outputs.parameters.greeting-out}}" }
                # ---- current-step name (Steps body context) ----
                - { name: step-name,       value: "{{steps.name}}" }
              artifacts:
                # `inputs.artifacts.<name>` (wfv1.Artifact object form):
                # main's own input artifact forwarded to a child via `from:`.
                - name: seed-art
                  from: "{{inputs.artifacts.seed}}"

        - - name: dag-stage
            template: dag

    # ============================================================
    # 2. prepare — Script template. Exercises:
    #      identity:   workflow.{name, namespace, uid, mainEntrypoint,
    #                  serviceAccountName, priority}
    #      timestamps: workflow.creationTimestamp{,.RFC3339,.s,.<fmt>}
    #                  + workflow.scheduledTime
    #      metadata:   workflow.{annotations, annotations.json,
    #                            annotations.<n>, labels, labels.json,
    #                            labels.<n>, parameters, parameters.json,
    #                            parameters.<n>}
    #      runtime:    workflow.{duration, status}
    #      node-ctx:   node.name, pod.name, steps.name
    #      output ptr: outputs.{parameters,artifacts}.<n>.path
    #      metric:     duration, exitCode, status, outputs.result,
    #                  outputs.parameters.<n>, resourcesDuration.<r>
    #      Globals are emitted via globalName so workflow.outputs.* is
    #      populated for the exit handler.
    # ============================================================
    - name: prepare
      metrics:
        prometheus:
          - name: prepare_seconds
            help: Elapsed seconds for the prepare node.
            labels:
              - { key: phase,  value: "{{status}}" }
              - { key: code,   value: "{{exitCode}}" }
              - { key: param,  value: "{{outputs.parameters.greeting-out}}" }
              - { key: result, value: "{{outputs.result}}" }
              - { key: cpu,    value: "{{resourcesDuration.cpu}}" }
              - { key: mem,    value: "{{resourcesDuration.memory}}" }
            gauge:
              realtime: false
              value: "{{duration}}"
      outputs:
        parameters:
          - name: greeting-out
            valueFrom:
              path: /tmp/out.txt              # → outputs.parameters.<n>.path
            globalName: prepared-param        # → workflow.outputs.parameters.prepared-param
        artifacts:
          - name: prepared
            path: /tmp/payload.txt            # → outputs.artifacts.<n>.path
            globalName: prepared              # → workflow.outputs.artifacts.prepared
      script:
        image: alpine:3.23
        command: [sh]
        source: |
          set -eu
          # ---- node-ctx ----
          echo "node.name           = {{node.name}}"
          echo "pod.name            = {{pod.name}}"
          echo "steps.name          = {{steps.name}}"
          # ---- identity ----
          echo "workflow.name       = {{workflow.name}}"
          echo "workflow.namespace  = {{workflow.namespace}}"
          echo "workflow.uid        = {{workflow.uid}}"
          echo "workflow.entrypoint = {{workflow.mainEntrypoint}}"
          echo "workflow.sa         = {{workflow.serviceAccountName}}"
          echo "workflow.priority   = {{workflow.priority}}"
          # ---- timestamps ----
          echo "ts.raw              = {{workflow.creationTimestamp}}"
          echo "ts.RFC3339          = {{workflow.creationTimestamp.RFC3339}}"
          echo "ts.epoch-seconds    = {{workflow.creationTimestamp.s}}"
          echo "ts.year (strftime)  = {{workflow.creationTimestamp.Y}}"
          echo "ts.scheduled        = {{workflow.scheduledTime}}"
          # ---- metadata maps ----
          echo "annotations.deprec  = {{workflow.annotations}}"
          echo "annotations.json    = {{workflow.annotations.json}}"
          echo "annotations.owner   = {{workflow.annotations.example.io/owner}}"
          echo "labels.deprecated   = {{workflow.labels}}"
          echo "labels.json         = {{workflow.labels.json}}"
          echo "labels.app          = {{workflow.labels.app}}"
          # ---- parameters ----
          echo "params.deprecated   = {{workflow.parameters}}"
          echo "params.json         = {{workflow.parameters.json}}"
          echo "params.greeting     = {{workflow.parameters.greeting}}"
          echo "params.target       = {{workflow.parameters.target}}"
          # ---- runtime ----
          echo "workflow.duration   = {{workflow.duration}}"
          echo "workflow.status     = {{workflow.status}}"
          # ---- output declared paths (pod-side) ----
          echo "out.param.path      = {{outputs.parameters.greeting-out.path}}"
          echo "out.artifact.path   = {{outputs.artifacts.prepared.path}}"
          # The final stdout line is captured as outputs.result for this
          # script node (exposed downstream as steps.prepare.outputs.result).
          printf 'greeting=%s target=%s' '{{workflow.parameters.greeting}}' '{{workflow.parameters.target}}' > /tmp/out.txt
          cp /tmp/out.txt /tmp/payload.txt
          echo "PREPARED"

    # ============================================================
    # 3. per-item — Script with retryStrategy. Exercises:
    #      item, item.<key>           (loop scope)
    #      retries, lastRetry.{duration,exitCode,message,status}
    #      inputs.parameters, inputs.parameters.<n>
    #      inputs.artifacts.<n>.path
    #      inputs.artifacts.<n>       (the wfv1.Artifact object, used
    #                                  via fromExpression on the relayed
    #                                  output artifact)
    # ============================================================
    - name: per-item
      inputs:
        parameters:
          - name: msg
          - name: ctx
        artifacts:
          - name: in-art
            path: /work/in.txt
      retryStrategy:
        limit: "2"
        retryPolicy: OnError
      outputs:
        parameters:
          - name: echoed
            valueFrom:
              path: /work/echoed.txt
      script:
        image: alpine:3.23
        command: [sh]
        source: |
          # Loop aggregation parses each child's stdout as JSON, so
          # diagnostics go to stderr and the final line on stdout is a
          # JSON value.
          {
            set -eu
            # `item` and `item.<key>` are referenced at the call site
            # (main → fanout arguments) — the static validator does not
            # propagate item scope into inner template bodies.
            # ---- inputs ----
            echo "inputs.parameters   = {{inputs.parameters}}"
            echo "inputs.params.msg   = {{inputs.parameters.msg}}"
            echo "inputs.params.ctx   = {{inputs.parameters.ctx}}"
            echo "inputs.art.path     = {{inputs.artifacts.in-art.path}}"
            cat /work/in.txt
            # ---- retry ----
            echo "retries             = {{retries}}"
            echo "lastRetry.status    = {{lastRetry.status}}"
            echo "lastRetry.exitCode  = {{lastRetry.exitCode}}"
            echo "lastRetry.duration  = {{lastRetry.duration}}"
            echo "lastRetry.message   = {{lastRetry.message}}"
            # ---- node-ctx (also valid here) ----
            echo "node.name           = {{node.name}}"
            echo "pod.name            = {{pod.name}}"
            # ---- output param path ----
            echo "out.param.path      = {{outputs.parameters.echoed.path}}"
          } >&2
          printf '%s' '{{inputs.parameters.msg}}' > /work/echoed.txt
          # outputs.result must be a JSON value for loop aggregation:
          printf '{"msg":"%s"}\n' '{{inputs.parameters.msg}}'

    # ============================================================
    # 4. consume — receives the after-loop and node-ref values captured
    #    in the Steps body. Pure-pass-through container.
    # ============================================================
    - name: consume
      inputs:
        parameters:
          - name: fanout-result
          - name: fanout-all-params
          - name: fanout-named-params
          - name: prep-id
          - name: prep-status
          - name: prep-host
          - name: svc-ip
          - name: prep-started
          - name: prep-finished
          - name: prep-exit
          - name: prep-result
          - name: prep-param
          - name: step-name
        artifacts:
          - name: seed-art                  # forwarded from main's inputs.artifacts.seed
            path: /tmp/seed.txt
      container:
        image: alpine:3.23
        command: [sh, -c]
        args:
          - |
            echo "fanout.result        = {{inputs.parameters.fanout-result}}"
            echo "fanout.all-params    = {{inputs.parameters.fanout-all-params}}"
            echo "fanout.echoed-param  = {{inputs.parameters.fanout-named-params}}"
            echo "prepare.id           = {{inputs.parameters.prep-id}}"
            echo "prepare.status       = {{inputs.parameters.prep-status}}"
            echo "prepare.host         = {{inputs.parameters.prep-host}}"
            echo "svc.ip               = {{inputs.parameters.svc-ip}}"
            echo "prepare.startedAt    = {{inputs.parameters.prep-started}}"
            echo "prepare.finishedAt   = {{inputs.parameters.prep-finished}}"
            echo "prepare.exitCode     = {{inputs.parameters.prep-exit}}"
            echo "prepare.result       = {{inputs.parameters.prep-result}}"
            echo "prepare.param        = {{inputs.parameters.prep-param}}"
            echo "current step.name    = {{inputs.parameters.step-name}}"
            echo "seed-art.path        = {{inputs.artifacts.seed-art.path}}"
            cat /tmp/seed.txt

    # ============================================================
    # 5. dag — DAG body. Exercises:
    #      tasks.name (node-ctx)
    #      tasks.<name>.{id,status,startedAt,finishedAt,hostNodeName,ip,
    #                    exitCode,outputs.{result,parameters.<p>,artifacts.<a>}}
    #      tasks.<loopName>.outputs.{result, parameters,
    #                                parameters.<p>}     (after-loop)
    # ============================================================
    - name: dag
      dag:
        tasks:
          - name: svc                                              # daemon — for tasks.<n>.ip
            template: svc-daemon

          - name: a
            template: dag-leaf
            arguments:
              parameters:
                - { name: tag,       value: "a" }
                # tasks.name (node-ctx) is referenced inside dag-leaf's body
                # via the local-params substitution path.

          - name: b                                                # downstream of a + svc
            template: dag-leaf
            depends: "a && svc"
            arguments:
              parameters:
                - { name: tag,         value: "b" }
                # ---- node-ref on tasks.<name> ----
                - { name: a-id,        value: "{{tasks.a.id}}" }
                - { name: a-status,    value: "{{tasks.a.status}}" }
                - { name: a-host,      value: "{{tasks.a.hostNodeName}}" }
                - { name: svc-ip,      value: "{{tasks.svc.ip}}" }    # ip only valid on daemon
                - { name: a-started,   value: "{{tasks.a.startedAt}}" }
                - { name: a-finished,  value: "{{tasks.a.finishedAt}}" }
                - { name: a-exit,      value: "{{tasks.a.exitCode}}" }
                - { name: a-result,    value: "{{tasks.a.outputs.result}}" }
                - { name: a-param,     value: "{{tasks.a.outputs.parameters.echoed}}" }
              artifacts:
                - name: in-art
                  from: "{{tasks.a.outputs.artifacts.bundle}}"     # tasks.<name>.outputs.artifacts.<a>

          - name: c-loop                                           # withParam → after-loop
            template: dag-leaf
            depends: b
            arguments:
              parameters:
                - { name: tag,       value: "{{item}}" }
            withParam: '["x","y","z"]'

          - name: gather
            template: dag-gather
            depends: c-loop
            arguments:
              parameters:
                - { name: loop-result,        value: "{{tasks.c-loop.outputs.result}}" }
                - { name: loop-all-params,    value: "{{tasks.c-loop.outputs.parameters}}" }
                - { name: loop-named-params,  value: "{{tasks.c-loop.outputs.parameters.echoed}}" }

    # 5a. dag-leaf — Script: produces outputs.result (captured stdout),
    #     a named output parameter, and a named output artifact.
    - name: dag-leaf
      inputs:
        parameters:
          - name: tag
          # Optional inputs so the same template handles a, b, and c-loop.
          - { name: a-id,        value: "" }
          - { name: a-status,    value: "" }
          - { name: a-host,      value: "" }
          - { name: svc-ip,      value: "" }
          - { name: a-started,   value: "" }
          - { name: a-finished,  value: "" }
          - { name: a-exit,      value: "" }
          - { name: a-result,    value: "" }
          - { name: a-param,     value: "" }
        artifacts:
          - { name: in-art, path: /work/in, optional: true }
      outputs:
        parameters:
          - name: echoed
            valueFrom:
              path: /work/out.txt
        artifacts:
          - name: bundle
            path: /work/bundle.txt
      script:
        image: alpine:3.23
        command: [sh]
        source: |
          # Same JSON-on-stdout convention as per-item: c-loop calls this
          # template via withParam, so its result is loop-aggregated.
          {
            set -eu
            mkdir -p /work
            # tasks.name is substituted by the controller's local-params pass
            # to the calling task's name (e.g. "a", "b", "c-loop[0]").
            echo "tag={{inputs.parameters.tag}} tasks.name={{tasks.name}}"
            echo "a-id={{inputs.parameters.a-id}} status={{inputs.parameters.a-status}}"
            echo "a-host={{inputs.parameters.a-host}} svc-ip={{inputs.parameters.svc-ip}}"
            echo "a-started={{inputs.parameters.a-started}} finished={{inputs.parameters.a-finished}}"
            echo "a-exit={{inputs.parameters.a-exit}} result={{inputs.parameters.a-result}}"
            echo "a-param={{inputs.parameters.a-param}}"
          } >&2
          printf 'tag=%s' '{{inputs.parameters.tag}}' > /work/out.txt
          cp /work/out.txt /work/bundle.txt
          printf '{"tag":"%s"}\n' '{{inputs.parameters.tag}}'

    # 5b. dag-gather — receives the after-loop aggregates from c-loop.
    - name: dag-gather
      inputs:
        parameters:
          - name: loop-result
          - name: loop-all-params
          - name: loop-named-params
      container:
        image: alpine:3.23
        command: [sh, -c]
        args:
          - |
            echo "c-loop.result       = {{inputs.parameters.loop-result}}"
            echo "c-loop.all-params   = {{inputs.parameters.loop-all-params}}"
            echo "c-loop.named-params = {{inputs.parameters.loop-named-params}}"

    # ============================================================
    # 5c. svc-daemon — used purely so steps.<name>.ip / tasks.<name>.ip
    #     pass the static validator's daemon-only check.
    # ============================================================
    - name: svc-daemon
      daemon: true
      container:
        image: alpine:3.23
        command: [sh, -c]
        args: ["nc -lk -p 9999 -e /bin/true"]
        readinessProbe:
          tcpSocket:
            port: 9999
          initialDelaySeconds: 1
          timeoutSeconds: 1

    # ============================================================
    # 6. exit-handler — onExit template. Exercises:
    #      workflow.failures           (only meaningful here)
    #      workflow.outputs.parameters.<n>
    #      workflow.outputs.artifacts.<n>
    #      final values of workflow.{status,duration}
    #    Long source goes through inputs.parameters so the YAML stays
    #    readable and so the exit-handler also exercises a couple of
    #    input variables.
    # ============================================================
    - name: exit-handler
      steps:
        - - name: report
            template: exit-report
            arguments:
              parameters:
                - { name: final-status,   value: "{{workflow.status}}" }
                - { name: final-duration, value: "{{workflow.duration}}" }
                - { name: failures,       value: "{{workflow.failures}}" }
                - { name: global-param,   value: "{{workflow.outputs.parameters.prepared-param}}" }
              artifacts:
                - name: global-art
                  from: "{{workflow.outputs.artifacts.prepared}}"

    - name: exit-report
      inputs:
        parameters:
          - name: final-status
          - name: final-duration
          - name: failures
          - name: global-param
        artifacts:
          - name: global-art
            path: /tmp/global.txt
      container:
        image: alpine:3.23
        command: [sh, -c]
        args:
          - |
            echo "workflow.status                  = {{inputs.parameters.final-status}}"
            echo "workflow.duration                = {{inputs.parameters.final-duration}}"
            echo "workflow.failures                = {{inputs.parameters.failures}}"
            echo "workflow.outputs.params.prepared = {{inputs.parameters.global-param}}"
            cat /tmp/global.txt

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